When there is an obstruction in the urinary system, it will allow a large amount of urine to be retained in the kidneys, thus causing hydronephrosis. The causes of hydronephrosis can be simply divided into congenital and acquired ones. To treat hydronephrosis well, we need to find out the causes and solve them in order to do so.
What are the causes of hydronephrosis?
1、Intrinsic ureteral stenosis
Generally intrinsic ureteral stenosis occurs at the junction of the pelvic ureter, and the stenotic segment is 1~2mm, which will trigger incomplete obstruction and secondary distortion. Under the microscope, many collagen fibers can be observed around the muscle cells of the obstructed segment as well as in the middle of the cells. Damage to the muscle cells will form a stenotic segment dominated by collagen fibers, which will obstruct urine drainage and cause hydronephrosis. In addition, ureteral distortion or adhesion can also induce hydronephrosis.
2、High ureteral opening
When fibrosis around the renal pelvis or vesicoureteral reflux occurs, it can cause the renal pelvis to expand, allowing the junction of the kidney and ureter to migrate upward. Also when there is congenital ureteral ectasia, ureteral cysts or double ureter, it can cause hydronephrosis.
3、Segmental non-function
Because the pyeloureteral junction or the upper ureter has segmental muscle loss, anatomical structure disorder and developmental insufficiency, it will affect the normal peristalsis of the ureter, thus leading to power obstruction, especially when the lesion occurs at the entrance of the ureteral bladder, congenital giant ureter will appear, leading to kidney and ureteral dilatation as well as hydrocele.
4. Acquired causes
Ectopic kidneys, stones and scar stenosis after trauma, tumor polyps in the renal pelvis and ureter, etc. can lead to the appearance of hydronephrosis. Also when there is post-inflammatory disease or ischemic scarring, it will cause local fixation. When the vesicoureteral reflux, it will cause twisting of the ureter, plus after the fibrosis around the ureter, it will lead to obstruction at the junction of the renal pelvis and ureter, which is not conducive to the discharge of urine out of the body and lead to hydronephrosis.
5、Affected by the cause of the disease
External factors can cause obstruction at the junction of the renal pelvis and ureter, such as arterial or venous lesions, lesions in the reproductive system, pelvic tumors or inflammation. In addition, the gastrointestinal tract and retroperitoneal lesions may also lead to hydronephrosis.
6、Lower urinary tract diseases
Common lower urinary tract diseases include urethral strictures, urethral stones, urethral tumors and prostatic hyperplasia and bladder neck contracture, which can make it difficult to empty the upper urinary tract and form hydronephrosis.
Warm Tips
Avoid eating spicy fried and barbecued foods and quit smoking and drinking. In order to prevent secondary infection and protect kidney function, you should use Chinese medicine or antibacterial drugs under the guidance of your doctor. Do not eat too much high protein food, energy can be obtained from carbohydrates and fats. If it is only unilateral hydronephrosis, there is no need to restrict water intake.
Source: Family Doctor Online
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